![]() ![]() calls to build up an army of 350,000, the National Police Reserve was re-titled the National Safety Force and expanded to 110,000. The next expansion came in 1952, when as a compromise in the face of U.S. ![]() Only after the outbreak of the Korean War did MacArthur authorise Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida to establish a 75,000 strong National Police Reserve. Under the terms of the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan, United States forces stationed in Japan were to deal with external aggression against Japan while Japanese forces, both ground and maritime, would deal with internal threats and natural disasters. Then Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida accepted this wording and was able to convince the US to allow Japan to operate " self defense" forces. The intent of this phrasing was to allow for the creation of military forces in Japan which would be for the defense of Japan, and not for settling international disputes. ![]() The right of belligerency of the state will not be recognized." It is believed that the Special Diet Session leader Hitoshi Ashida added the clause "In order to accomplish the aim of the preceding paragraph" in the middle of Article 9. Accordingly, during the development of the Japan Constitution in 1946, Article 9 was added stating "the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes." "In order to accomplish the aim of the preceding paragraph, land, sea, and air forces, as well as other war potential, will never be maintained. ĭouglas MacArthur insisted that Japan have no military that could be used to settle international disputes or even for its own self defense. Both were replaced by the United States Armed Forces occupation force, which assumed responsibility for the external defense of Japan. Soon after the end of the Pacific War in 1945 with Japan accepting the Potsdam Declaration, the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy were dismantled by the orders of Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP). See also: Military history of Japan and Imperial Japanese Army 20th century ![]()
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